today i was wondering what ace inhibitors were... now i know...
Angiotnsin II is a chemical that causes the muscles around blood vessels to contract which narrows the vessels, causing hypertension (high blood pressure). It's formed in the blood from Angiotensin 1 by the ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme).
ACE inhibitors slow the activity of the ACE enzyme. As a result, the blood vessels enlarge and blood pressure drops, making it easier for the blood to circulate reducing the stress on the heart. The progression of kidney disease from hypertension or diabetes is also slowed.
The following ACE inhibitors are available in the US: benazepril (Lotensin), captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec, fosinopril (Monopril), lisinorpril (Prinivil/Zestril), moexipril (Univasc), perindopril (Aceon), quinapril (Accupril), ramipril (Altace), and trandolapril (Mavik). They differ in how the body eliminates them and whether they work more on ACE in tissues or ACE in the blood but the importance of this difference or whether one is more effective than another has not been determined. The side effects a patient experiences is generally the same between types.
SIDE EFFECTS:
They may cause birth defects and are not prescribed to pregnant patients. People with bilateral renal artery stenosis (narrowing) may experience a worsening of their kidney function, and those who have had a severe reactions in the past should not take them.
The common side effects are cough, low blood pressure, the effects of low blood pressure (dizziness, headache, drowsiness, weakness), elevated potassium levels, abnormal taste (metallic or salty), and rash.
The rare, serious side effects are kidney failure, allergic reactions, decreased white blood cell count, and angioedema (tissue swelling).
DRUG INTERACTIONS:
As ACE inhibitors may increase potassium levels, potassium intake should be minimized. They may also increase the concentration of lithium, leading to an increase of side effects. Aspirin, ibuprofen, indomethacin (Indoncin), and naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn, Naprelan, Anaprox) may reduce the effects of the ACE inhibitors.