@chaski Said
1. In that prayer jesus is does not use god's name.
2. In what language are you referring? Does a jew need to know god's arabic name...or name in arabic? Does an englishman need to know god's name in hebrew? Does a german need to know god's name in latin? Does a frenchman need to know god's name in greek?
3. If a person makes prayer to god as jesus described (i.e. "Our father..." ) is that person wrong? If another person refers to god as in a psalm (i.e. Lord) is that person wrong?
4. (Assuming the god exists) do you think that he does not know what is in a person's heart... even if that person does not know god's name?
5. How many names does god have?
1: No he doesn't, he merely points out that he has made the name known, he wouldn't need to use it talking to his Father, after all how many of us call our fathers by anything other than father or a variant thereof.
2: The only languages we know God's name in are the Hebrew and it's latinised version. There is a little doubt over the full spelling of the divine name because the Jews refused to pronounce it for many decades due to a superstition picked up from pagan races. Therefore we can only be 100% certain of the consonants, the Hebrew characters for which are Yodh He Waw He (YHWH) the Waw is sometimes taken as a placeholder for either "O" or "U", because of this certain scribal vowel pointings indicate the probability of the name being either Yehowah or Yahweh. Yehowah transliterates into the latin as Jehovah, thugh some translators prefer Yaweh.
3. Difficult to comment on this one because a lot depends on how accurate the translation you got the word "lord" from. Many translations have removed the divine name from the vast majority of the 7,000 places it belongs in and replaced it with LORD. That is probably the case where you saw Lord. As William Tyndale put it in c1530 "Moreover as oft as thou seist LORD in great letters (except there be any error in the printing) it is in Hebrew Iehovah". Iehovah is the Grecian spelling of the name in the same way that the Greek version of Jesus is Iesus.
It is interesting to note also that the majority of translations that have done that have also been altered in other places to prove the trinity, so one can safely assume that is also the reason for the removal.
Any doctrine which requires alteration of scripture to "prove" it is obviously false.
There is nothing to say that we have to use the Divine Name all the time, but it is important that we recognise it for what it is. As Jesus said in his model prayer "The Lords Prayer" we have to pray to make that name holy, how can we do that if we hide it, cover it up, or remove it from our bibles.
Offhand I only know of two translations which have the divine name in at least the majority of places it should be. The American Standard Translation and of course the New World Translation. There may be others, but I haven't come across them yet.
4. Yes God will, when the time comes, know what is in a person's heart, if He doesn't already because we reveal what is in our hearts by the way we act and behave. For instance we sow God how important He is in our lives by getting to know Him, and that starts with His name, which has a definite meaning. Whilst there is no single translation for it means "I shall cause to become" or "I shall prove to be" as He told Moses.
We also show Him how much we care for our fellow humans by how we treat them, and even more so we show our appreciation for the sacrifice His son performed for us by adhering to his teachings (which he got from his Father anyway). Jesus made this clear when he said, as recorded at John 14:15-17 “If YOU love me, YOU will observe my commandments; 16 and I will request the Father and he will give YOU another helper to be with YOU forever, 17 the spirit of the truth, which the world cannot receive, because it neither beholds it nor knows it. YOU know it, because it remains with YOU and is in YOU."
That is how both God and Jesus know how genuine our hearts are and how we truly feel towards him and his Father.
God only has the one, which he himself chose, and as I explained above it has a meaning which is important. Exodus 3:15 tells us that.
"Then God said once more to Moses:
“This is what you are to say to the sons of Israel, ‘Jehovah the God of YOUR forefathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob, has sent me to YOU.’ This is my name to time indefinite, and this is the memorial of me to generation after generation"
His name will never change.