Sorry, but it actually can and does sometimes prevent more qualified white applicants from getting a job simply because an organization needs to fill a quota or needs a certain percentage of African Americans employed there. I was on a hiring committee at a previous employer who had quotas they were required to meet for hiring personnnel. Oftentimes it was the African American with no job qualifications whatsoever who was hired simply because "we need another black person in the department" and "she/he seems nice enough, so why not." In the meantime, they're letting qualified applicants slip away simply because they weren't the correct race.
Equal footing is one thing. Disregarding everyone else because they're the wrong color, irregardless if they're black, white, orange, purple, red, or green, is something else entirely.
And, no, I'm not saying discrimination doesn't exist against African Americans . . . especially as I've also witnessed it at other employers where there was a great African American applicant who completely blew all the others away but because "we don't work well with those types of people and they don't last long," we're going to go with the dumbass white chick who doesn't know crap.
The same thing happens with male versus female applicants. Sorry, we'd love to have you but we'd prefer a female in this position so we can say we're open to women and sensitive to our consumers, clients, etc. Or, the people who simply won't look at female applicants twice for certain positions because "there's no way" they could possibly do that job competently.
Racism exists. Discrimination exists. But telling people they now have to cease hiring all males, whites, or whatever majority trait seems to be the most popular as of late is not the key to "equal opportunity."
Edited to add: Oh, my! I can't believe I got zilch for this post.
Now the serious discussion may continue.