@Leon Said
Here we don’t have anything like that of course, as anyone can go to college and get whatever degree they want as long as they are able. Yes, we have the SAT but that is just one slice of a myriad of factors universities consider in admission.
As for grade and secondary schooling, we have standardized tests each year, but they are just for FYI purposes for parents and are mostly used for accountability purposes on the teacher/administration side. But even with those, there is a beginning shift now away from it with the COVID home schooling opening eyes that there is no such thing as a one size fits all method of instruction and assessment.
Standard education here comes in three distinct stages:
Primary: Age 4 (infants or 'Reception' ) to age 6 then basic schooling to age 11
Secondary: Age 11 - 16 to GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education). You can leave school after GCSE and take up employment. GCSE's show an employer that you have a good, working standard of education that you can base a career on. I achieved 13 GCSE's with 11 Grade A's (I only got B's in Art and Religious Instruction. No surprises there. lol)
Sixth Form (Don't ask): Age 16 - 18. A Level (Advanced) Students study subjects they specifically choose to an advanced level as preparation for Apprenticeship or University.
You can leave school after A Levels, but generally, you're considered to be wasting a major opportunity if you don't then go on to higher education. Employers will usually want to know why a student has left after A Levels instead of going on to HE.
Higher Education (University): Before A Level final exams, students examine the opportunities available and apply to a first choice and second choice university. They will usually get an offer of a place dependent on their A Level grades. My first choice was Portsmouth, my second choice was Newnham College, Cambridge. While Cambridge was more prestigious, Portsmouth offered the course I actually wanted. Newnham offered a similar course but not exactly what I wanted.
And here is the nub of the problem that we've experienced.
Obtaining the place you want at the university of your choice depends hugely on A Level grades.
Again.. take my example: I required an A in Chemistry and Biology, and a B in Maths for the course I wanted. I got them all so no problem.
But for students this year.........
The Dept of Education, headed by Gavin Williamson, and it's quango, OFQUAL had to find a way of assessing student grades in an exam year affected by the Coronavirus lockdown. Students couldn't take their final exams and therefore there were no exam grades for universities to use to decide who to accept.
OFQUAL came up with this ridiculous algorithm for assessing students based on their performance over their two years of study. They quickly realised it wouldn't work. It was unfit for purpose. However, they pressed ahead with it with full government knowledge, on the basis that there wasn't enough time to recalculate the algorithm.
The Association of Head Teachers (AHT) argued that the algorithm should be scrapped and teacher based assessments used instead.
Gavin Williamson didn't like that because he believed that teachers wouldn't be severe enough in assessing students.... that students would be marked "softly" and it would "dilute" the standard of student going to university. He ordered OFQUAL to carry on with the algorithm.
AHT said that the algorithm was so bad that it would unfairly mark students down and destroy any chance that many of them would have of getting any university place at all.
Gavin Williamson ignored this and told OFQUAL to use the algorithm.
As predicted, A Level results were horrific. Students who were expecting to get A and B grades were being marked down to D, which is as good (or bad) as a fail. Futures were being destroyed. The fate of thousands of students were being wrecked by an algorithm that everybody had known well in advance was utterly useless.
Gavin Williamson, the Education Secretary blamed OFQUAL for the whole fiasco and allowed teacher assessments to replace the results awarded by the algorithm. In short, he did a huge U turn and then claimed he wasn't to blame for anything.
But that isn't the end of the story.
Many students, realising their grades were going to be downgraded, rejected their first choice university and accepted their second choice on the basis that it required lower grades.
Now, with their grades restored, some are trying to get their first choice place back. Nobody knows how they can do this..... nobody know IF they can do it. The universities and their admissions system for this Autumn are in chaos
No advice is coming from Gavin Williamson or OFQUAL.
It is a mess of monumental proportions. And the government is washing its hands of it, while claiming to be not to blame for anything.